These notes come from Punch's text on Social Research.
Operationalize each concept/variable. This means connect concepts to empirical (observable) indicators!
Concept = knowledge change
Indicators = addend, insert, or delete concepts
The purpose of conceptual frameworks is to show the concepts, their conceptual status in relation to one another, and the hypothesized relationships.
Not all quantitative studies need hypothesis, only those that clearly reflect a theory. So, if THEORY, then HYPOTHESIS.
That's all for now...now back to work on my proposal.
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